What Happened to the 9th Legion? Unraveling the Mystery of Rome’s Lost Cohort
The fate of the Legio IX Hispana, also known as the 9th Legion, has been shrouded in mystery and a subject of debate for many years. This celebrated unit of …
Battle of Carrhae: Decisive Roman Defeat by Parthian Forces
The Battle of Carrhae, a decisive confrontation between the Roman Republic and the Parthian Empire, occurred in May 53 BC near the town of Carrhae (present-day Harran, Turkey). Marcus Licinius …
Gothic War: Unveiling the Conflict Between the Eastern Roman Empire and the Ostrogoths
The term “Gothic War” generally refers to a period of sustained conflict between the Ostrogothic Kingdom and the Eastern Roman Empire, also known as the Byzantine Empire. This series of …
A Guide to the Roman Empire Flag And Its Influence
The ‘Roman Empire flag’ invokes images of eagles and ancient insignias, yet Rome’s vast legacy surpassed a single flag. This guide cuts through history to reveal the varied military standards …
Onager Catapult: Ancient Siege Engine Secrets
Did you know that the onager catapult, an ancient war machine, was capable of launching projectiles weighing up to 275 pounds with astonishing precision and power? This siege weapon played …
Principes: The Elite Backbone of the Roman Legion
The Roman army, a symbol of power and discipline, was an unparalleled force that dominated the ancient world. Among its ranks, the Principes, an elite class of soldiers, played a …
Parthia: A Glimpse into the Empire That Challenged Rome’s Supremacy
The Parthian Empire, also known as Parthia, was a powerful force that once challenged the might of Rome, governing vast lands stretching from the Euphrates to the Himalayas. This captivating …
Legionary Helmets of the Roman Period
by Iain Dickson, ‘Melvadius Macrinus Cugerni’ Sculptural Evidence Many sculptures have been found showing the Roman army in operation as well as individual memorial monuments to Roman soldiers. The workmanship on …
The Re-Conquest of Africa (AD 533)
by Gary Julian It is as if there is a “code of silence” among Historians in general, and Military Historians in particular, on the career of Count Belisarius of the Eastern …
The Persian Wars of Heraclius
by Kurs In this article, I will try to throw some light on the Persian campaigns of the emperor Heraclius (who reigned AD 610 – 641), which in most historical …
Aurelian’s Campaign in the East
AD 272/273 by ‘Emperor Aurelianus’ Background to the Conflict The conflict between Zenobia of Palmyra and Aurelian took place for the most part in 272ad, in the second year of …
Army Soldier Dress, Armor, & Weapons
A collection of pictures of soldiers with their armour/equipment (recreated from historical accounts). Hoplite (5th century BC) Veles, plural: velites (3rd/2nd century BC) Hastatus (3rd/2nd Century BC) Triarius (3rd/2nd Century BC) …
Siege Warfare
Siege Warfare – Tactics Ancient Romans were experts in siege warfare. In conducting sieges, the Romans showed their practical genius combined with ruthless thoroughness. If a place could not be …
Roman Navy
The Roman Navy was always considered an inferior arm and was strictly under army control. But already during the First Punic War, Rome proved itself capable of launching a fleet …