Roman cities were characterized by their advanced urban planning and architecture, which greatly influenced the development of cities in Europe and beyond. Here are some key features of Roman cities:
- Street Layout: Roman cities were known for their orderly grid patterns. The two main streets, the cardo (north-south) and decumanus (east-west), intersected at the forum, the heart of the city.
- Forum: The forum was the central public space and marketplace, surrounded by various important buildings like temples, basilicas, and government buildings.
- Aqueducts: These impressive structures were built to bring fresh water from distant sources into the cities. The aqueducts are a testament to Roman engineering skills.
- Amphitheaters: These large, circular or oval open-air venues were used for events such as gladiator combats and public spectacles. The Colosseum in Rome is the most famous example.
- Public Baths: Roman baths were not just places for bathing, but also social and recreational centers. They often included hot and cold baths, saunas, and massage rooms.
- Temples and Religious Structures: Roman religion was an integral part of daily life, and temples dedicated to various gods and goddesses were prominent in cities.
- Theatres and Odeons: These were used for plays and musical performances, showcasing Roman culture and arts.
- Housing: Roman cities had a range of housing, from luxurious villas for the wealthy to crowded insulae (apartment buildings) for the poorer citizens.
- Roads and Infrastructure: Roman roads were famous for their durability and efficiency, connecting cities across the empire. Sewer systems and public latrines were also advanced for their time.
- Walls and Gates: City walls were built for defense, with gates allowing controlled access to the city.
The legacy of Roman city planning and architecture is still evident in many modern cities, which have been built upon or inspired by these ancient foundations.
This is an attempt at a list of Roman place names, which is naturally still set to grow.
If you know of any names, – your hometown perhaps, – which is not on this list, then please get in touch by e-mail. Although it must be a name which I can somehow verify, in order to prevent hoaxers.
Also please consider that later latinizations of place names, for places like Moskow for example, will not be placed on the list. It is the Roman names of places which are sought.
Further, should you notice any inaccuracies in the list, please let me know.
List of Roman Cities
| Roman Name(s) | Modern Day Name | Modern Day Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Aballava | Burgh by Sands | Britain | |
| Aballo, Aballum | Avallon | France | |
| Aballum, Aballo | Avallon | France | |
| Abdera | Adra | Spain | |
| Abritus, Abrittus | Razgrad | Bulgaria | |
| Abrittus, Abritus | Razgrad | Bulgaria | |
| Abudiacum | Epfach | Germany | |
| Abula | Avila | Spain | |
| Abusina | Eining | Germany | |
| Acci, Colonia Iulia Gemella Acci | Guadix | Spain | |
| Acinipo | Ronda la Vieja | Spain | |
| Acrae | Palazzolo Acreide | Italy | |
| Ad Anisum | Radstadt | Austria | |
| Ad Flexum | Magyaróvár | Hungary | |
| Ad Iuvense | Ybbs | Austria | |
| Ad Mauros | Eferding | Austria | |
| Ad Mediam | Mehadia | Romania | |
| Ad Novas | Vörösmart | Croatia | |
| Adana | Adana | Turkey | |
| Ader | Zadar | Croatia | |
| Adraa | Dera | Syria | |
| Adramyttium | Edremit | Turkey | |
| Ad Statuas | Gönyu | Hungary | |
| Ad Statuas | Várdomb | Hungary | |
| Aelia Capitolina, Hierosolyma | Jerusalem | Israel/Jordan | |
| Aelium Cetium | St.Pölten | Austria | |
| Aeminium | Coimbra | Portugal | |
| Aemona, Emona, Labacum | Ljubljana | Slovenia | |
| Aenus | Enez | Turkey | |
| Aequinoctium | Fischamend | Austria | |
| Aesernia | Isernia | Italy | |
| Aesica | Great Chesters | Britain | |
| Agathe | Agde | France | |
| Agedincum, Senones | Sens | France | |
| Agrigentum | Agrigento | Italy | |
| Aguntum | Dölsach | Austria | |
| Ala Nova | Schwechat | Austria | |
| Altinum | Kölked | Hungary | |
| Albanum | Albano | Italy | |
| Almus | Lom | Bulgaria | |
| Ambiani, Samarobriva | Amiens | France | |
| Anchialus, Anhialo | Pomorie | Bulgaria | |
| Amida | Diyarbakir | Turkey | |
| Ambracia | Arta | Greece | |
| Acyra | Ankara | Turkey | |
| Anderida | Pevensey | Britain | |
| Anhialo, Anchialus | Pomorie | Bulgaria | |
| Anicium, Podium Aniciense | Le Puy | France | |
| Anio | Aniene | Italy | |
| Antioch | Antakya | Turkey | |
| Antipolis | Antibes | France | |
| Antium | Anzio | Italy | |
| Apamea | Qalaat al-Mudiq | Syria | |
| Apamea, Celaenae | Dinar | Turkey | |
| Aphrodisias | Geyre | Turkey | |
| Apollonia | Fier | Albania | |
| Apollonia Pontica, Sozopolis | Sozopol | Bulgaria | |
| Apulum | Alba Iulia | Romania | |
| Aquae Cutiliae | Cutilia | Italy | |
| Aquae Helveticae | Baden | Switzerland | |
| Aquae Sextiae | Aix-en-Provence | France | |
| Aquae Sulis | Bath | Britain | |
| Aqua Viva | Varazdin | Croatia | |
| Aquitania | Aquitaine | France | |
| Aquis Voconis | Caldes de Montbui | France | |
| Aquileia | Aquileia | Italy | |
| Aquincum | Budapest | Hungary | |
| Aquisgranium | Aachen | Germany | |
| Arausio | Orange | France | |
| Arbeia | South Shields | Britain | |
| Arcadiopolis, Bergula | Lüleburgaz | Turkey | |
| Arcidava | Varadia | Romania | |
| Arelape | Pöchlarn | Austria | |
| Arelate | Arles | France | |
| Argentoratum, Augusta Trebecorum | Strasbourg | France | |
| Ariminium | Rimini | Italy | |
| Armorica | Bretagne | France | |
| Arrabona | Gyor | Hungary | |
| Arsinoe | Medinet el-Fayum | Egypt | |
| Arverni | Auvergne | France | |
| Asisium | Assisi | Italy | |
| Ascalon | Ashqelon | Israel | |
| Asturica | Astorga | Spain | |
| Athenae | Athens | Greece | |
| Atrans | Trojane | Slovenia | |
| Atrebatum | Arras | France | |
| Atuatuca Tungrorum | Tongeren | Belgium | |
| Augusta Emerita | Mérida | Spain | |
| Augusta Praetoria | Aosta | Italy | |
| Augusta Raurica | Augst | Switzerland | |
| Augusta Taurinorum, Taurinum | Turin | Italy | |
| Augusta Trajana, Beroe Augusta Trajana | Stara Zagora | Bulgaria | |
| Augusta Trebecorum, Argentoratum | Strasbourg | France | |
| Augusta Trevirorum, Treviri | Trier | Germany | |
| Augusta Vindelicorum | Augsburg | Germany | |
| Augustianis | Traismauer | Austria | |
| Cannabiaca | Zeiselmauer (possibly) | Austria | |
| Augustobona | Troyes | France | |
| Augustodunum | Autun | France | |
| Augustonementum | Clermont-Ferrand | France | |
| Aurelia, Cenabum Aureliani | Orléans | France | |
| Aurelia Aquensi | Baden Baden | Germany | |
| Aurelianum, Cenabum Aureliani, Aurelia | Orléans | France | |
| Autricum, Carnotum | Chartres | France | |
| Avennio | Avignon | France | |
| Aventicum | Avenches | Switzerland | |
| Baeterrae | Béziers | France | |
| Baeloe, Colonia Baelo Claudia | Bolonia | Spain | |
| Baetulo | La Badalona | Spain | |
| Bagradas | Medjerda | Tunisia | |
| Baiae | Baia | Italy | |
| Barcino | Barcelona | Spain | |
| Barium | Bari | Italy | |
| Basti | Baeza | Spain | |
| Batavis, Castra Batvorum | Passau | Germany | |
| Bedriacum | Cremona | Italy | |
| Belgica | Belgium | Belgium | |
| Belginum, Vicus Belginum | Wederath | Germany | |
| Beneventum | Benevento | Italy | |
| Bergomum | Bergamo | Italy | |
| Bergula, Arcadiopolis | Lüleburgaz | Turkey | |
| Beroe Augusta Trajana, Augusta Trajana | Stara Zagora | Bulgaria | |
| Berytus | Beirut | Lebanon | |
| Berzobis | Berzovia | Romania | |
| Bethar | Bittir | Israel | |
| Bilbilis, Bilbilis Italica, Municipium Augusta Bilbilis | Calatayud | Spain | |
| Bilbilis Italica, Bilbilis, Municipium Augusta Bilbilis | Calatayud | Spain | |
| Bisanthe, Rhaedestus | Tekirdag | Turkey | |
| Blariacum | Venlo-Blerick | Netherlands | |
| Bona | Bonn | Germany | |
| Bononia | Bologna | Italy | |
| Bononia, Gesoriacum, Portus Itius | Boulogne | France | |
| Bononia | Vidin | Bulgaria | |
| Bononia Malata | Banostor | Hungary | |
| Bosona | Bosna (river) | Bosnia Herzegovina | |
| Bostra | Busra | Syria | |
| Bracara Augusta | Braga | Portugal | |
| Bremetennacum Veteranorum | Ribchester | Britain | |
| Brigantium | Bregenz | Austria | |
| Brigantium | La Coruńa | Spain | |
| Brigetio | Komárom-Szőny | Hungary | |
| Britannia | Britain | Britain | |
| Brivas | Brioude | France | |
| Brixellum | Brescello | Italy | |
| Brundisium | Brindisi | Italy | |
| Budalia | Kuzmin | Yugoslavia | |
| Burdigala | Bordeaux | France | |
| Burrium | Usk | Britain | |
| Byblus | Jubayl | Lebanon | |
| Byzantium, Constantinopolis | Istanbul | Turkey | |
| Caenophrurium | Corlu | Turkey | |
| Caesaraugusta, Colonia Caesar Augusta | Saragossa | Spain | |
| Caesarea | Cherchel | Algeria | |
| Caesarea Maritima | Kibbutz Sdot Yam | Israel | |
| Caesarea Mazaca, Mazaca | Kayseri | Turkey | |
| Caesarodunum | Tours | France | |
| Caesena | Cesena | Italy | |
| Carales | Cagliari | Italy | |
| Calagurris, Calagurris Iulia Nasica | Calahorra | Spain | |
| Calagurris Iulia Nasica, Calagurris | Calahorra | Spain | |
| Calceus Herculis | El Kantara | Algeria | |
| Caledonia | Scotland | Britain | |
| Callatis | Mangalia | Romania | |
| Calleva Atrebatum | Silchester | Britain | |
| Cambria | Wales | Britain | |
| Campi Catalaunii | Châlons | France | |
| Campona | Nagytétény | Hungary | |
| Camulodunum | Colchester | Britain | |
| Canatha | El Qanawat | Syria | |
| Cannae | Canne | Italy | |
| Cantabrigia | Cambridge | Britain | |
| Canusum | Canosa di Puglia | Italy | |
| Caprae | Capri | Italy | |
| Caprera | Cáparra | Spain | |
| Capsa | Gafsa | Tunisia | |
| Carcaso | Carcassonne | France | |
| Carmo, Carmona | Carmona | Spain | |
| Carmona, Carmo | Carmona | Spain | |
| Carnotum, Autricum | Chartres | France | |
| Carnuntum | Bad Deutsch-Altenberg | Austria | |
| Carrhae | Haran | Iraq | |
| Carteia | San Roque / El Rocadillo | Spain | |
| Cartennae | Tenes | Algeria | |
| Carthago | Carthage | Tunisia | |
| Carthago Nova | Cartagena | Spain | |
| Cascantum | Cascante | Spain | |
| Castellum apud Confluentes | Koblenz | Germany | |
| Castellum Flevum | Velsen | Netherlands | |
| Castra ad Herculem | Pilismarót | Hungary | |
| Castra Batavorum, Batavis | Passau | Germany | |
| Castra Martis | Koula | Bulgaria | |
| Castra Regina | Regensburg | Germany | |
| Castrum Octavianum | Sant Cugat del Vallčs | Spain | |
| Castulo | Cazlona | Spain | |
| Cataractonium | Catterick | Britain | |
| Cauca | Coca | Spain | |
| Celaenae, Apamea | Dinar | Turkey | |
| Celeia | Celje | Slovenia | |
| Celsa, Colonia Victrix Iulia Lepida, Colonia Victrix Iulia Celsa | Velilla de Ebro | Spain | |
| Cenabum Aureliani, Aurelia, Aurelianum | Orléans | France | |
| Cenebelum | Cimiez | France | |
| Chalcedon | Kadikoy | Turkey | |
| Chrysopolis | Üsküdar, Scutari | Turkey | |
| Chullu | Collo | Algeria | |
| Cibalae | Vinkovci | Croatia | |
| Cillium | Kasserine | Tunisia | |
| Circesium | Abu Serai | Iraq | |
| Cilurnum | Chesters | Britain | |
| Cirpi | Dunabogdány | Hungary | |
| Cirta | Constantine | Algeria | |
| Claudiopolis, Napoca | Cluj | Romania | |
| Clunia | Peñalba de Castro | Spain | |
| Clupea | Kelibia | Tunisia | |
| Clusium | Chiusi | Italy | |
| Colonia Agrippina(e) | Koeln | Germany | |
| Colonia Agrippinensium | Koeln | Germany | |
| Colonia Augusta Emerita, Emerita | Mérida | Spain | |
| Colonia Baelo Claudia, Baelo | Bolonia | Spain | |
| Colonia Caecilia Metellinum, Metellinum | Medellín | Spain | |
| Colonia Caesar Augusta, Caesaraugusta | Saragossa | Spain | |
| Colonia Claudia Savaria, Savaria | Szombathely | Hungary | |
| Colonia Flavia Scupi, Scupi | Skopje | Macedonia | |
| Colonia Iulia Gemella Acci, Acci | Guadix | Spain | |
| Colonia Iulia Illici Augusta, Illici | Elche | Spain | |
| Colonia Iulia Romula, Hispalis | Seville | Spain | |
| Colonia Norba Caesarina, Norba | Cáceres | Spain | |
| Colonia Patricia, Corduba | Córdoba | Spain | |
| Colonia Ulpia Traiana, Vetera | Xanten | Germany | |
| Colonia Ulpia Traiana, Sarmizegethusa | Ulpia Traiana (ruins) | Romania | |
| Colonia Victrix Iulia Celsa, Colonia Victrix Iulia Lepida, Celsa | Velilla de Ebro | Spain | |
| Colonia Victrix Iulia Lepida, Colonia Victrix Iulia Celsa, Celsa | Velilla de Ebro | Spain | |
| Comagena | Tulln | Austria | |
| Complutum | Alcalá de Henares | Spain | |
| Comum | Como | Italy | |
| Concordia Sagittaria, Iulia Concordia | Concordia Sagittaria | Italy | |
| Condate Redones | Rennes | France | |
| Conimbriga | Condeixa | Portugal | |
| Constantia | Coutances | France | |
| Constantia | Konstanz | Germany | |
| Constantinopolis, Byzantium | Istanbul | Turkey | |
| Corcyra | Corfu | Greece | |
| Corduba, Colonia Patricia | Córdoba | Spain | |
| Coria, Coristopitum | Corbridge | Britain | |
| Coriallum | Cherbourg | France | |
| Corinium | Cirencester | Britain | |
| Coriovallum | Heerlen | Netherlands | |
| Corisopitum | Quimper | France | |
| Coristopitum, Coria | Corbridge | Britain | |
| Cortoriacum | Kortrijk | Belgium | |
| Corvinium | Cirencester | Britain | |
| Cuicul | Djemila | Algeria | |
| Cularo, Gratianopolis | Grenoble | France | |
| Cunetio | Mildenhall | Britain | |
| Curia | Chur | Switzerland | |
| Cyrene | Shahhat | Libya | |
| Danaster, Tyras | Dniester | Ukraine | |
| Danum | Doncaster | Britain | |
| Danuvius, Istrus | Danube | Austria, Hungary, Yugoslavia, Bulgaria, Romania | |
| Dertona | Tortona | Italy | |
| Dertosa | Tortosa | Spain | |
| Derventio | Malton | Britain | |
| Deva | Chester | Britain | |
| Dianinum | Denia | Spain | |
| Dierna | Orsova | Romania | |
| Dimale | Krotine | Albania | |
| Dimum | Belene | Bulgaria | |
| Diocletianopolis | Hissar | Bulgaria | |
| Dionysopolis | Balchik | Bulgaria | |
| Drepana, Drepanum | Trapani | Italy | |
| Drepanum, Drepana | Trapani | Italy | |
| Drobeta | Drobeta Turnu Severin | Romania | |
| Dubris | Dover | Britain | |
| Dunum | Thun | Switzerland | |
| Duranius | Dordogne | France | |
| Durnovaria | Dorchester | Britain | |
| Durocorotum | Reims | France | |
| Durostorum | Silistra | Bulgaria | |
| Durovernum Cantiacorum | Canterbury | Britain | |
| Dyrrachium, Epidamnus | Durres | Albania | |
| Ebrus | Ebro | Spain | |
| Eburacum | York | Britain | |
| Eburodunum | Yverdon | Switzerland | |
| Ecnomus | Poggio di Sant’Angelo | Italy | |
| Egara | Terrassa | Spain | |
| Emerita, Colonia Augusta Emerita | Mérida | Spain | |
| Emesa | Homs | Syria | |
| Emona, Aemona, Labacum | Ljubljana | Slovenia | |
| Emporiae | Sant Martí d’Empuries | Spain | |
| Epidamnus, Dyrrachium | Durres | Albania | |
| Eryx | Erice | Italy | |
| Faesulae | Fiesole | Italy | |
| Favianis | Mautern | Austria | |
| Flavia Solva | Leibnitz | Austria | |
| Florentia | Florence | Italy | |
| Forum Claudii Vallensium, Octodurus | Martigny | Switzerland | |
| Forum Hadriani | Voorburg | Netherlands | |
| Forum Iulii | Friuli | Italy | |
| Gades | Cádiz | Spain | |
| Gandava | Ghent | Belgium | |
| Gariannonum | Burgh Castle | Britain | |
| Garumna | Garonne | France | |
| Geneva | Geneva | Switzerland | |
| Gerasa | Jarash | Jordan | |
| Germania | Germany | Germany | |
| Gerulata | Rusovce | Slovakia | |
| Gesoriacum, Bononia, Portus Itius | Boulogne | France | |
| Glannaventa | Ravenglass | Britain | |
| Glevum, Nervia Glevensium | Gloucester | Britain | |
| Gorsium, Herculea | Tac | Hungary | |
| Graccurris | Alfaro | Spain | |
| Gratianopolis, Cularo | Grenoble | France | |
| Hadrianopolis | Edirne | Turkey | |
| Haga-Comitis | The Hague | Netherlands | |
| Heliopolis | Baalbek | Lebanon | |
| Heraclea, Perinthus | Marmara Ereglisi, Eregli | Turkey | |
| Heraclea Lyncestis | (near) Bitola | Macedonia | |
| Herculea, Gorsium | Tac | Hungary | |
| Hibernia | Ireland | Ireland | |
| Hierosolyma, Aelia Capitolina | Jerusalem | Israel/Jordan | |
| Hippo Regius | Annaba | Algeria | |
| Hispalis, Colonia Iulia Romula | Seville | Spain | |
| Histria | Istria | Romania | |
| Iaurinum | Györ | Hungary | |
| Iberia | Iberian Peninsula | Spain, Portugal | |
| Ilerda | Lérida | Spain | |
| Illici, Colonia Iulia Illici Augusta | Elche | Spain | |
| Intercisa | Pentele | Hungary | |
| Ioviacum | Schlögen | Austria | |
| Isara | Isčre | France | |
| Isca Dumnoniorum | Exeter | Britain | |
| Isca | Caerlon | Britain | |
| Istropolis, Posonium | Bratislava | Slovakia | |
| Istrus, Danuvius | Danube | Austria, Hungary, Yugoslavia, Bulgaria, Romania | |
| Isurium | Aldborough | Britain | |
| Italica | Santiponce | Spain | |
| Iulia Concordia, Concordia Sagittaria | Concordia Sagittaria | Italy | |
| Iulia Traducta | Tingentera | Spain | |
| Labacum, Aemona, Emona | Ljubljana | Slovenia | |
| Lascuta | Alcalá de los Gazules | Spain | |
| Latopolis | Isna | Egypt | |
| Lauriacum | Lorch | Austria | |
| Lavatrae | Bowes | Britain | |
| Lederata | Palanka | Romania | |
| Legentium | Castleford | Britain | |
| Legio | León | Spain | |
| Lentia | Linz | Austria | |
| Letocetum | Wall | Britain | |
| Leucarum | Loughor | Britain | |
| Liburnum | Livorno | Italy | |
| Liger | Loire | France | |
| Lihnidos | Ohrid | Macedonia | |
| Lilybaeum | Marsala | Italy | |
| Limonum | Poitiers | France | |
| Lincium | Linz | Austria | |
| Lindinis | Ilchester | Britain | |
| Lindum | Lincoln | Britain | |
| Londinium | London | Britain | |
| Lucentum | Alicante | Spain | |
| Lucus Augusti | Lugo | Spain | |
| Lugdunum | Lyon | France | |
| Lugdunum Batavorum | Katwijk | Netherlands | |
| Lugio | Dunaszekcso | Hungary | |
| Luguvalium | Carlisle | Britain | |
| Lusitania | Portugal | Portugal | |
| Lussonium | Kömlod | Hungary | |
| Lutetia Parisiorum | Paris | France | |
| Madauros | M’Daouroch | Algeria | |
| Magador | Essaouira | Morocco | |
| Malaca | Malaga | Spain | |
| Malata Bonenia | Banostor | Yugoslavia | |
| Mazaca, Caesarea Mazaca | Kayseri | Turkey | |
| Mamucium | Manchester | Britain | |
| Marcianopolis | Devnia | Bulgaria | |
| Massilia | Marseille | France | |
| Matrica | Százhalombatta | Hungary | |
| Mediolanum | Milan | Italy | |
| Mediolanum Aulercorum | Évreux | France | |
| Mediolanum Santonum | Saintes | France | |
| Melitene | Malatya | Turkey | |
| Melta | Lovech | Bulgaria | |
| Messambria | Nessebar | Bulgaria | |
| Messana | Messina | Italy | |
| Metellinum, Colonia Caecilia Metellinum | Medellín | Spain | |
| Metis | Metz | France | |
| Misenum | Capo di Miseno | Italy | |
| Moenum | Main | Germany | |
| Mogentianae | Tüskevár | Hungary | |
| Moguntiacum | Mainz | Germany | |
| Mons Bellona | Montebelluna | Italy | |
| Montana | Montana | Bulgaria | |
| Moridunum | Carmarthen | Britain | |
| Municipium Augusta Bilbilis, Bilbilis Italica, Bilbilis | Calatayud | Spain | |
| Mursa | Osijek | Croatia | |
| Mutina | Modena | Italy | |
| Naissus | Nis | Yugoslavia | |
| Napoca | Cluj | Romania | |
| Narbo | Narbonne | France | |
| Neapolis | Naples | Italy | |
| Nemausus | Nîmes | France | |
| Nervia Glevensium, Glevum | Gloucester | Britain | |
| Neviodunum | Drnovo pri Krskem | Slovenia | |
| Nevirnum, Noviodunum Aeduorum | Nevers, Nievre | France | |
| Nidum | Neath | Britain | |
| Nola | Nola | Italy | |
| Norba, Colonia Norba Caesarina | Cáceres | Spain | |
| Novae | Svistov | Bulgaria | |
| Noviodunum Aeduorum, Nevirnum | Nevers, Nievre | France | |
| Noviomagus | Chichester | Britain | |
| Noviomagus | Neumagen-Drohn | Germany | |
| Noviomagus Batavodurum, Ulpia Novomagus | Nijmegen | Netherlands | |
| Novioritum | Niort | France | |
| Novodunum | Nyon | Switzerland | |
| Numantia | Numancia | Spain | |
| Obulco | Porcuna | Spain | |
| Octodurus, Forum Claudii Vallensium | Martigny | Switzerland | |
| Odessus | Varna | Bulgaria | |
| Oea | Tripoli | Libya | |
| Oenipontum | Innsbruck | Austria | |
| Olicana | Ilkley | Britain | |
| Olisipo | Lisbon | Portugal | |
| Onuba | Huelva | Spain | |
| Opitergium | Oderzo | Italy | |
| Osca, Urbs Victrix Osca | Huesca | Spain | |
| Osset | San Juan de Aznalfarache | Spain | |
| Ossonoba | Faro | Portugal | |
| Padus | Po (river) | Italy | |
| Palmyra | Palmyra (ruins) | Syria | |
| Panormus | Palermo | Italy | |
| Parentium | Porec | Croatia | |
| Patavium | Padova | Italy | |
| Pautalia | Kiustendil | Bulgaria | |
| Pax Iulia | Beja | Portugal | |
| Perinthus, Heraclea | Marmara Ereglisi, Eregli | Turkey | |
| Perusia | Perugia | Italy | |
| Pharos | Hvar (island) | Croatia | |
| Philadelphia | Amman | Jordan | |
| Philippopolis, Trimontium | Plovdiv | Bulgaria | |
| Pisae | Pisa | Italy | |
| Placentia | Piacenza | Italy | |
| Podium Aniciense, Anicium | Le Puy | France | |
| Poetovio | Ptuj | Slovenia | |
| Pola | Pula | Croatia | |
| Pompaelo | Pamplona | Spain | |
| Pompeii | Pompeii | Italy | |
| Pons Aelius | Newcastle-upon-Tyne | Britain | |
| Pontus Fractus | Pontefract | Britain | |
| Portus | Valenciennes | France | |
| Portus Adurni | Portchester | Britain | |
| Portus Cale | Oporto | Portugal | |
| Portus Itius, Gesoriacum, Bononia | Boulogne | France | |
| Posonium, Istropolis | Bratislava | Slovakia | |
| Potaissa | Turda | Romania | |
| Praetorium Agrippinae | Valkenburg | Netherlands | |
| Praetorium Latobicorum | Trebnje | Slovenia | |
| Ptolemais | Tolmeita | Libya | |
| Pumbedita | El Anbar | Iraq | |
| Puteoli | Pozzuoli | Italy | |
| Quinque-Ecclesiis | Pécs | Hungary | |
| Ratea Colitanorum | Leicester | Britain | |
| Raetinium | Bihac | Bosnia Herzogovnia | |
| Raphae | Rafah | Egypt | |
| Ratae Coritanorum | Leicester | Britain | |
| Ratiara | Archar | Bulgaria | |
| Ravenna | Ravenna | Italy | |
| Regulbium | Reculver | Britain | |
| Resapha, Sergiopolis | Risafe | Syria | |
| Rhaedestus, Bisanthe | Tekirdag | Turkey | |
| Rhegium | Reggio di Calabria | Italy | |
| Rhenus | Rhine | Switzerland, Germany, France, Netherlands | |
| Rhodanos | Rhône | Switzerland, France | |
| Rigomagus | Remagen | Germany | |
| Risinium | Risan | Montenegro | |
| Roma | Rome | Italy | |
| Rotomagus | Rouen | France | |
| Rusaddir | Melilla | Spanish Morocco | |
| Rusicade | Skikda | Algeria | |
| Rutupiae | Richborough | Britain | |
| Sabratha | Zouagha | Libya | |
| Saguntum | Sagunto | Spain | |
| Saldae | Bejaia | Algeria | |
| Salmantica | Salamanca | Spain | |
| Salonae | Solin | Croatia | |
| Salva | Esztergom | Hungary | |
| Samarobriva, Ambiani | Amiens | France | |
| Sarmizegethusa, Colonia Ulpia Traiana | Ulpia Traiana (ruins) | Romania | |
| Savaria, Colonia Claudia Savaria | Szombathely | Hungary | |
| Scarbantia | Sopron | Hungary | |
| Scupi, Colonia Flavia Scupi | Skopje | Macedonia | |
| Segobriga | Saelices | Spain | |
| Segontium | Caernarvon | Britain | |
| Segovia | Segovia | Spain | |
| Segusio | Susa | Italy | |
| Selymbria | Silivri | Turkey | |
| Sempronium, Sopronium | Sopron | Hungary | |
| Senones, Agedincum | Sens | France | |
| Serdica | Sofia | Bulgaria | |
| Sergiopolis, Resapha | Risafe | Syria | |
| Sexaginta Prista | Rousse | Bulgaria | |
| Sicca Veneria | le Kef | Tunisia | |
| Simitthu | Chemtou | Tunisia | |
| Singidunum | Belgrade | Yugoslavia | |
| Sinope | Sinop | Turkey | |
| Sippar | Abu Habbah | Iraq | |
| Sirmium | Sremska Mitrovica | Yugoslavia | |
| Siscia | Sisak | Croatia | |
| Solva | Esztergom | Hungary | |
| Sopianae | Pécs | Hungary | |
| Sorviodurum | Straubing | Germany | |
| Sozopolis, Apollonia Pontica | Sozopol | Bulgaria | |
| Spalatum | Split | Croatia | |
| Spoletium | Spolato | Italy | |
| Stobi | near Veles | Macedonia | |
| Storgozia | Pleven | Bulgaria | |
| Sucidava | Celei | Romania | |
| Sufetula | Sbeitla | Tunisia | |
| Syene | Aswan | Egypt | |
| Syracusae | Syracuse | Italy | |
| Taparura | Sfax | Tunisia | |
| Tarentum | Taranto | Italy | |
| Tarraco | Tarragona | Spain | |
| Tarvisium | Treviso | Italy | |
| Taurinum, Augusta Taurinorum | Turin | Italy | |
| Tentyra | Dendera | Egypt | |
| Tergeste | Trieste | Italy | |
| Thugga | Dougga | Tunisia | |
| Thysdrus | El Djem | Tunisia | |
| Ticinum | Pavia | Italy | |
| Tigurum, Turicim | Zurich | Switzerland | |
| Tingi | Tangiers | Morocco | |
| Toletum | Toledo | Spain | |
| Tomis | Constantza | Romania | |
| Traiectum ad Mosam | Maastricht | Netherlands | |
| Traiectum Eriditum | Utrecht | Netherlands | |
| Trapezus, Trebizond | Trapzon | Turkey | |
| Trebizond, Trapezus | Trapzon | Turkey | |
| Treviri, Augusta Treverorum | Trier | Germany | |
| Tricciana | Sagvar | Hungary | |
| Tridentum | Trento | Italy | |
| Trimontium | Newstead | Britain | |
| Trimontium, Philippopolis | Plovdiv | Bulgaria | |
| Tripolis | Tripoli | Lebanon | |
| Tropaeum Traiani | Adamclisi | Romania | |
| Tupusuctu | Tiklat | Algeria | |
| Turiaso, Turiaso Silbis | Tarazona | Spain | |
| Turiaso Silbis, Turiaso | Tarazona | Spain | |
| Turicim, Tigurum | Zurich | Switzerland | |
| Turnacum Nerviorum | Tournai | France | |
| Tyrus | Tyre | Lebanon | |
| Ugernum | Beaucaire | France | |
| Ulcisia Castra | Szentendre | Hungary | |
| Ulpia Novomagus, Noviomagus Batavodurum | Nijmegen | Netherlands | |
| Urbs Victrix Osca, Osca | Huesca | Spain | |
| Utinum | Udine | Italy | |
| Valcum | Fenékpuszta | Hungary | |
| Valentia | Valence | France | |
| Valentia Edetanorum | Valencia | Spain | |
| Varadinum | Oradea | Romania | |
| Veldidena | Innsbruck | Austria | |
| Venetiae | Venice | Italy | |
| Venta Belgarum | Winchester | Britain | |
| Venta Silurum | Caerwent | Britain | |
| Vernementum | Willoughby | Britain | |
| Verulamium | St Albans | Britain | |
| Vesunna | Périgueux | France | |
| Vetera, Colonia Ulpia Trajana | Xanten | Germany | |
| Vezeliacum | Vézelay | France | |
| Vicentia | Vicenza | Italy | |
| Vicus Belginum, Belginum | Wederath | Germany | |
| Vienna | Vienne | France | |
| Vienna, Vindobona | Vienna | Austria | |
| Viminiacum | Kostolac | Yugoslavia | |
| Vindobona, Vienna | Vienna | Austria | |
| Vindomora | Ebchester | Britain | |
| Vindonissa | Windisch | Switzerland | |
| Vinovia, Vinovium | Binchester | Britain | |
| Vinovium, Vinovia | Binchester | Britain | |
| Vitudurum | Winterthur | Switzerland | |
| Viroconium Cornoviorum | Wroxeter | Britain | |
| Vizeliacum | Vézelay | France | |
| Xanthus | Kinik | Turkey | |
| Zama Regia | Zama | Turkey | |
| Zela | Zile | Turkey | |
| Zeugma | Zeugma (ruins) | Turkey |
Historian Franco Cavazzi dedicated hundreds of hours of his life to creating this website, roman-empire.net as a trove of educational material on this fascinating period of history. His work has been cited in a number of textbooks on the Roman Empire and mentioned on numerous publications such as the New York Times, PBS, The Guardian, and many more.