The fusion of artificial intelligence with the venerable domain of classical studies has inaugurated a new chapter in the pursuit of historical discoveries. In an awe-inspiring leap forward, researchers have wielded the power of AI to uncover the long-obscured wisdom ensconced within the ancient texts of the Herculaneum scrolls. Once thought to be irrecoverable fragments of antiquity, these scrolls are yielding their secrets through innovative technology, bringing the profound musings of the Greek philosopher Philodemus back to the light of contemporary examination.
As the catastrophic eruption of Mount Vesuvius in AD 79 preserved the scrolls in a state of carbonization, the delicate nature of these artifacts rendered them nearly untouchable. For centuries, the scrolls teased scholars with the potential of undiscovered knowledge regarding Epicurean philosophy, an ancient school of thought hailing pleasure as life’s ultimate pursuit. Through the interplay of 3D mapping and AI algorithms, we stand on the precipice of an intellectual renaissance, unveiling texts that promise to reshape our comprehension of history.
Key Takeaways
- AI technology is dramatically transforming our approach to unveiling ancient texts, such as the Herculaneum scrolls.
- Historical discoveries long deemed impossible are now within reach, thanks to advancements in digital scanning and interpretation.
- The philosophies of Philodemus, once encased in volcanic ash, offer fresh insights into the fundamentals of Epicurean philosophy.
- This intersection of modern technology and classical studies epitomizes a new era for archaeology and historical research.
- The potential of AI to render the unread writings of antiquity accessible has profound implications for our cultural heritage.
Unlocking the Past: AI’s Role in Historical Discoveries
The advent of AI technology in the realm of archaeology has been nothing short of revolutionary, bridging the once insurmountable gap between fading relics and cutting-edge historical discoveries. As archaeologists and historians grapple with the challenges of interpreting the silent narratives of our ancestors, AI has emerged as a formidable ally in transforming archeological breakthroughs.
The Technological Breakthroughs in Archaeology
Revolutionizing the way we approach historical artifacts, AI-driven techniques have introduced a new era of discovery. 3D mapping has illuminated the contours of the past, providing an unobtrusive means to visualize structures and objects that are too fragile for traditional excavation methods. The touch of AI brings ancient documents into a new light, rendering the invisible visible and giving voice to the silent ruins of history.
Revolutionizing the Study of Ancient Texts with AI
The challenge of understanding ancient documents is profound, especially when dealing with texts as cryptic and damaged as the Herculaneum scrolls, long buried under the ash of Mount Vesuvius. AI has proven to be an invaluable tool in peeling back the layers of papyrus without the risk of physical damage, detecting and interpreting the hidden script that holds the keys to antiquity’s greatest mysteries. By applying this advanced technology, researchers can now explore immense corpora of classical texts, expanding our knowledge and respect for the civilizations that came before us.
Ancient Herculaneum Scroll Piece Revealed by AI – Here’s What it Says
Unveiling ancient secrets, a recently deciphered fragment of the Ancient Herculaneum scroll augments our understanding of Greek philosophy. The insights gleaned from this papyrus through modern technology paint a vivid picture of the past. It is now known, thanks to AI deciphering techniques, that Philodemus—a significant proponent of Epicurean teachings—discussed the influence of food scarcity on human pleasure in this ancient text.
The Epicurean philosophy, a cornerstone of Hellenistic thought, extols the choice of simple life and the pursuit of tranquility freed from physical pain and mental disturbance. Philodemus, who was an advocate of this school, delves into the paradox of desire and how lack increases enjoyment in the context of food and nourishment—a discourse that once lay dormant within the charred ruins of Herculaneum.
| Scroll Section | Interpreted Theme | Significance |
|---|---|---|
| Epicurean Teachings on Pleasure | Food scarcity and enjoyment | Illustrates the value placed on moderation in consumption |
| Philodemus’ Perspectives | Desire and fulfillment | Explores the psychological aspects of scarcity on human behavior |
| AI’s Role in Preservation | Non-invasive deciphering technique | Opens avenues for studying other damaged ancient scripts |
What resonates today from this discovery is not only the historical content but also the exhilarating use of AI as a tool for preserving our collective memory. With the AI deciphering of the Ancient Herculaneum scroll, doors have swung wide open to rooms of antiquity once thought sealed forever, revealing chapters of Philodemus’ contemplations and the broader narrative of Greek philosophy. As each line from the scroll is brought to light, the enduring wisdom of the Epicurean teachings converses anew with the modern world, exhibiting the timelessness of philosophical inquiry.
The Significance of the Herculaneum Scrolls
Unveiled by the aftermath of Mount Vesuvius’s fateful eruption, the Herculaneum scrolls are a testament to the resilience of cultural heritage. Preserved under layers of ash and pumice, these ancient Greek texts reveal the rich tapestry of classical antiquity and its philosophical meanderings. The profound importance of these scrolls resonates not only through the corridors of history but also within the annals of present-day scholarly discourse.
A Window into the Epicurean School of Philosophy
The teachings of Epicurus, focusing on the pursuit of pleasure and rational thought as the cornerstones of a good life, have riveted scholars for centuries. However, the ability to study these ideologies first-hand has been severely curtailed until the discovery of Philodemus’ works among the Herculaneum scrolls. This AI-driven decipherment has drawn back the curtains on Epicurean philosophy, illuminating its principles and ethical postulates from a primary source long cloaked in mystery.
Philodemus’ Insights on Pleasure Preserved by Volcano Ash
The scrolls do more than showcase Epicurean philosophy; they are also a rare survivor of ancient Greek texts directly associated with a philosopher from that era. Philodemus’ contemplation on pleasure and scarcity, guarded by the volcanic cocoon, provides an exquisite snapshot of hedonistic thought that once proliferated in the gardens of Herculaneum. These revelations not only enrich our historical comprehension but also forge a connection to the intimate human experiences from millennia past.
To fully grasp the scrolls’ influence on modern understanding of the past, let’s consider the insights they have revealed:
- Economic Allegories: Philodemus’ work discusses the impact of scarcity on consumption and enjoyment, a concept still pertinent in today’s economic theories.
- Social Values: The texts explore the role of pleasure in human life and society, challenging and refining our current perspectives on happiness and well-being.
- Scientific Curiosity: The methods used to preserve food and other perishables, as revealed in the scrolls, provide invaluable data for the fields of archaeology and conservation science.
Therein lies the heart of the Herculaneum scrolls significance: a bridge spanning time, connecting the ancient and the modern worlds through the universal language of human thought and cultural heritage. As guardians of wisdom from the cradle of philosophy, these texts are a remarkable chronicle of humanity’s enduring quest to understand and articulate the essence of a life well-lived.
Collaborative Genius: The Trio Behind the AI Technique
At the intersection of artificial intelligence in archaeology, a groundbreaking cooperative venture has emerged, convening digital technology and ancient historical study in a remarkable symphony of expertise. The spearheads of this collaborative research are a distinguished trio of scientists: Youssef Nader of FU Berlin, Luke Farritor from the University of Nebraska-Lincoln, and Julian Schilliger from the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zurich.
Their interdisciplinary approach has resulted in the rehabilitation of the valuable Herculaneum scrolls using advanced digital scanning technologies. These efforts not only showcase the transformative power of collaboration but also point towards the future of archaeological methodology, deeply rooted in digital innovation.
Together, these three researchers demonstrate the vast potential of combining multiple areas of expertise, setting a new standard for digital archaeological recovery and analysis. Their success in Herculaneum scroll rehabilitation is a testimony to the promising future of heritage preservation.
Below is an overview of their collaborative work and the division of their expertise:
| Researcher | Institution | Expertise | Contribution to Project |
|---|---|---|---|
| Youssef Nader | FU Berlin | Artificial Intelligence | AI model development and training for text recognition |
| Luke Farritor | University of Nebraska-Lincoln | Engineering and Digital Scanning | Adapting scanning technology for fragile artifacts |
| Julian Schilliger | Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zurich | Data Processing and Interpretation | Analyzing scan data and integrating AI insights |
Their steadfast dedication to collaborative research has been pivotal in surmounting the challenges faced when attempting to uncover the secrets of the past through artificial intelligence in archaeology. It lays a foundation for a new era in excavation and preservation, harnessing the dual forces of heritage and technology.
Digital scanning and the precise application of AI by this trio have not only preserved the delicate scrolls but have revived the ancient knowledge contained within, offering a renewed glimpse into the complexity and richness of historical texts. Their work, emblematic of innovation and partnership, stands as a beacon for future explorations within the ever-expanding realm of archaeological science.
The Resurrection of Philodemus: AI Brings a Greek Philosopher’s Thoughts to Light
In the realm of archaeology and historical preservation, the application of AI resurrection has marked a pivotal moment in the recovery of ancient wisdom. The groundbreaking use of artificial intelligence has not only facilitated insights into ancient civilizations but has accomplished something of even greater significance: breathing new life into the lost philosophies of yesteryear. Through the meticulous process of text recovery, AI has provided contemporary society with a unique opportunity to engage directly with the profound thoughts of an ancient Greek thought leader, Philodemus.
Philosopher’s Musings on Scarcity and Enjoyment
The advanced technology used to decipher the damaged scrolls has provided a voice for Philodemus’ philosophy, which had been silenced by the eruption of Mount Vesuvius. The revived texts give a vivid portrayal of his philosophical stances, notably on the nuanced relationship between scarcity and enjoyment—a core theme of Epicurean philosophy. This discovery compels modern minds to grapple with questions of value, pleasure, and fulfillment from a perspective steeply rooted in ancient Greek thought.
New Perspectives on Ancient Hedonistic Philosophy
Rediscovering Philodemus not only enriches the academic field but offers a personal invitation to modern readers to immerse themselves in debates that have shaped human pursuit of happiness for millennia. It challenges us to consider how ancient hedonistic philosophy interplays with contemporary definitions of a good life.
The implications of this AI resurrection and successful restoration of ancient scholarship are vast, achieving far more than the academic accolade of reading a text deemed unreadable. It symbolizes a new dawn in the appreciation of our shared intellectual heritage and a beacon of progress in the field of digital archaeology. Philodemus, once overshadowed by layers of ash and the passage of time, now finds an audience in a future he could never have imagined—his voice restored by the very technology that epitomizes advancing human knowledge.
| Philodemus’ Focus | Meaning in Ancient Context | Relevance to Modern Interpretation |
|---|---|---|
| Scarcity & Enjoyment | Reflects on how limited supply enhances value and pleasure | Prompts reevaluation of modern consumerism and fulfillment |
| Hedonism | Advocates for pleasure as a central aim in life | Invites discussion on balancing hedonic and eudaimonic happiness |
| Epicurean Tradition | Emphasizes moderation and the avoidance of pain | Offers perspective on contemporary wellness and lifestyle choices |
Through the lens of AI, we are awarded a tangible connection with the past, handing us fragments of conversations and contemplations that have rippled through time. The ongoing dialogue between ancient and modern is a testament to the enduring nature of human curiosity, and the eternal quest for knowledge.
Challenges and Breakthroughs in Deciphering Charred Texts
Embarking on the task of deciphering charred texts is comparable to unlocking a time capsule filled with the delicate secrets of the past. For centuries, the papyrus scroll fragility of these ancient treasures has posed a significant challenge to historians and archaeologists. The carbonized papyrus restoration effort focuses on the precise mitigation of damage, while hidden literature awaits within the scrolls, ready to unveil the profound wisdom of bygone eras.
The Fragility of Carbonised Papyrus Scrolls
The plight of the carbonised papyri is not for the faint of heart. Their delicate state demands a fusion of caution and cutting-edge technology to ensure each thread of knowledge isn’t lost to the fragility of their form. With each gentle attempt to extract their stories, restorers balance on the knife-edge of potential discovery and catastrophic loss.
Herculaneum’s Hidden Literature on the Verge of Revelation
Herculaneum’s vast cultural endowment is on the cusp of being brought back to life. Through deft and innovative techniques, what was once enshrouded in the ash of Mount Vesuvius is now set to redefine our comprehension of ancient societies. It is a pivotal era for scholars who stand ready to bridge modernity with the intellectual heritage of antiquity.
| Challenge | Breakthrough |
|---|---|
| Ultra-fragile papyrus fibers | Non-invasive digital scanning |
| Carbonization from extreme heat | 3D reconstruction and visualization |
| Ink indistinguishable from substrate | Sophisticated AI algorithms for pattern recognition |
| Risk of physical unrolling | Virtual unrolling techniques |
The traversal from ancient oblivion to contemporary recognition is not without its obstacles; however, the unwavering quest for knowledge pushes us onward. Through persistence and technological prowess, the arcane insights hidden within these age-old texts will once again enlighten the world, bringing forth the silenced voices of our ancestors.
The Vesuvius Challenge: A Modern Quest for Ancient Knowledge
In the ever-evolving realm of digital humanities, the Vesuvius Challenge emerges as a testimony to the synergetic power of technology and historical inquiry. Launched in the spring of 2023, this AI competition marked a pivotal moment in mankind’s enduring endeavor to connect with its past. The substantial monetary prize served as a catalyst, inspiring teams across the globe to harness advanced AI algorithms in the service of unraveling the dense linguistic web of ancient literature.
The initiative’s ambitious goal was straightforward yet daunting: to decode the enigmatic content of the aged scrolls that once thrived in the shadow of Mount Vesuvius. Emphasizing the interdisciplinary nature of the project, the competition saw remarkable participation from experts in machine learning, linguistics, history, and beyond.
Unlocking the secrets of the past, one algorithm at a time — The Vesuvius Challenge.
As every deciphered word illuminated long-forgotten knowledge, participants of the challenge not only vied for the prize but also contributed to the rich tapestry of human intellectual progression. The results served to fortify an already burgeoning field, underlining the crucial role played by digital techniques in preserving, interpreting, and democratizing access to the cerebral heritage of ancient civilizations.
- Advance AI-driven methodologies
- Interpreting Herculaneum’s textual mysteries
- Collaborative triumph of historians and technologists
This historic Vesuvius Challenge proved that the once silent ashes of Vesuvius are indeed vibrant with tales waiting to be told. The melding of contemporary technology and classical studies has given a voice to the ancient, proving yet again that our future in digital humanities is as promising as the history it seeks to uncover.
Artificial Intelligence and the Puzzling Power of the Word ‘Porphyras’
The discovery of the ancient Greek word ‘porphyras’, meaning “purple”, by student Luke Farritor, represents a significant achievement in the realms of artificial intelligence capabilities and historical linguistics. With artificial intelligence at the helm, the unlocking of this term from the Herculaneum scroll brings us one step closer to deciphering ancient texts and understanding their full narrative scope.
Through this pivotal discovery, we begin to appreciate the depth of cultural impact these words hold. They are not just characters on a page but keys to unlocking the vibrant lives and rich conversations that shaped classical history. The meticulous process of decoding heralds a new horizon in historical linguistics, where artificial intelligence acts as a bridge between antiquity and modern-day scholarship.
Breaking the Code: Students Unravel Ancient Secrets
The success story of deciphering ‘porphyras’ is emblematic of a broader narrative where students and emerging technologies intertwine to solve age-old puzzles. It’s a testament to the power of interdisciplinary collaboration and the innovative spirit driving forwards the fields of archaeology and linguistics.
The Cultural and Historical Impact of the Discovery
Just as the word ‘porphyras’ was once highly valued in the ancient world for its association with royalty and wealth, its discovery today enriches our own cultural tapestry. The reach of such linguistic breakthroughs extends beyond academia, offering society a renewed connection with its storied past.
| Decoded Term | Cultural Significance | Impact on Historical Linguistics | Role of AI |
|---|---|---|---|
| ‘Porphyras’ (Purple) | Symbol of ancient wealth and royalty | Enhances understanding of classical language use | Key to interpreting ancient text complexities |
| Further Application | Deepens connection to historical narratives | Revitalizes interest in the study of historical languages | Facilitates the protection of delicate artifacts |
Seales’ Virtual Unwrapping Technique: A Milestone in Text Recovery
The advent of virtual unwrapping technique has emerged as a groundbreaking method in the realm of historical text preservation. Spearheaded by Brent Seales and his dedicated team at the University of Kentucky, this sophisticated technology has marked a pivotal moment in the protection and interpretation of ancient documents.
The Science Behind CT Scans and A.I. in Archaeology
Refinement in CT scan utilization has been instrumental in deciphering the long-lost narratives of historical tapes, such as the Herculaneum scrolls. The innovative application of CT scans, combined with artificial intelligence, has provided unparalleled clarity in reading carbon-based inks that once remained invisible to the naked eye.
The En-Gedi Scroll Discovery: Precedent for Current Breakthroughs
The successful unveiling of the En-Gedi scroll was a precursor to the revolutionary text recovery innovation we witness today. It demonstrated the immense potential that these advanced techniques have in bringing to light the knowledge of the past.
| Scroll Discovery | Technique Used | Significance |
|---|---|---|
| En-Gedi Scroll | Computed Tomography Scans | Uncovered ancient texts previously illegible |
| Herculaneum Scrolls | Virtual Unwrapping & AI Deciphering | Enabled reading of fragile artifacts without contact |
This synergy between technology and historical scholarship not only sheds light on ancient wisdom but also ensures the longevity of such treasures for future generations to study and cherish. It is evident that Brent Seales’ breakthrough is more than a technical accomplishment; it is a leap forward for the entirety of archaeological and historical text preservation.
Evolving AI Techniques in Classical Era Research
The intersection of AI evolution and classical research has marked the advent of a new era in the historiography of ancient texts. Now, sophisticated machine learning applications are pivotal to deciphering the once obscure ink patterns found on relics such as the Herculaneum scrolls.
Enhancing Computer Vision for Ancient Text Legibility
With particular focus on computer vision enhancement, AI has become an invaluable ally in the pursuit of history. The digital eyes crafted by machine learning experts have improved to such a degree that they can perceive the faintest tracings on ancient papyri, transforming them from inscrutable artifacts to readable documents.
Machine Learning’s Role in Identifying Hidden Ink Patterns
The role of machine learning application becomes even more pronounced when dealing with indecipherable texts. By analyzing countless imaging scans, algorithms can now isolate and enhance ink patterns that were previously invisible to human researchers and even advanced scanners, bringing to light new passages from the depths of history.
Potential Revelations from the Herculaneum Scrolls
The excavation of the Herculaneum scrolls has unveiled a repository of knowledge that bridges the past and present. Scholars and historians alike stand on the cusp of crucial breakthroughs as they glean profound insights from these ancient texts. With the latest achievements in digitization and analysis, these scrolls are anticipated to divulge philosophical reflections that have the capacity to revolutionize our comprehension of classical antiquity and the intellectual giants who shaped it.
The Implications for Understanding the Classical World
Each segment of text deciphered from the Herculaneum scrolls takes us a step closer to an enriched narrative of the classical world. The whispers of ancient philosophers reincarnated through technology could recalibrate our perception of ancient societies, religions, governance, and the indelible human quest for knowledge and fulfillment.
Unveiling the Philosophical Treasures of Ancient Texts
The promise of unlocking the veritable treasure trove contained within the scrolls offers a tantalizing prospect for scholars. It’s not just the breadth of philosophical texts discovery that excites researchers but the essence of ancient wisdom that could very well echo through modern-day ideologies and ways of life.
These artifacts serve as time capsules, preserving the intellectual rigor of times gone by. The insights provided by the scrolls could potentially influence contemporary philosophical debates, potentially reviving discussions that have lain dormant for millennia.
Each preserved papyrus brings us closer to a past rich with experience and ponderings on existence—one that extends an invitation to contemporary society to learn and benefit from Herculaneum scrolls revelations and their place in the grand tapestry of human advancement.
| Possible Philosophical Insights | Impact on Classical World Understanding |
|---|---|
| Epicurean views on pleasure and pain | New perspectives on the pursuit of happiness |
| Stoic philosophical teachings | Enhanced comprehension of ancient ethics and virtue |
| Political theories of the era | Contextualizing modern political science with ancient ideologies |
| Scientific knowledge and methods | Understanding the genesis and evolution of scientific thinking |
| Arts and literature critique | Revelations of ancient aesthetics and narrative structures |
The ongoing application of AI in excavating the past provides a beacon of hope for those who seek to imbibe and apply the tenets of ancient wisdom in the present. The technological leaps made possible by artificial intelligence stand as a testament to the potential of human ingenuity to transcend time and retrieve the invaluable philosophies of our ancestors.
Conclusion
Embarking on the uncharted waters of the past, the journey of deciphering the Herculaneum scrolls has been dramatically transformed through the lens of AI in history. While acknowledging the unprecedented strides made by the collaborative minds behind the recent discoveries, we stand at the cusp of a monumental era in archeological exploration. This fusion of past and future, where delicate papyrus meets digital innovation, signals a promising horizon for uncovering the hidden facets of our heritage.
The Continuing Journey of Deciphering the Herculaneum Scrolls
The scrolls represent a dialogue across millennia, a narrative patiently waiting to unfold its secrets. The diligence and precision infused into archaeological innovation have sparked a renaissance in classical antiquities research, allowing each fibrous strand of the scrolls to potentially illuminate the vastness of human thought and experience from antiquity. As we tread this continuum of discovery, each fragment deciphered adds to the rich mosaic of human history.
The Future of AI in Uncovering the Mysteries of History
As we gaze upon the fertile ground laid by the technologies of today, the prospects for preserving the past broaden. What artificial intelligence has begun, it promises to advance, delving deeper into the cryptic chronicles that have long eluded our grasp. This ongoing partnership between technology and history is not just an academic pursuit; it is a quest to reconnect with the intellectual prowess that has shaped the foundations of modern society. The scrolls are but the beginning of AI’s potential to demystify the ancients, serving as timeless custodians of their wisdom, waiting for us to listen once more.
FAQ
What is the importance of the Herculaneum scrolls?
The Herculaneum scrolls are critical to our understanding of ancient texts, particularly those related to the Epicurean school of philosophy. These scrolls provide unique historical insights into ancient Greek philosophy and offer perspectives on cultural heritage through the writings of Philodemus on Epicurean teachings of pleasure.
How is artificial intelligence revolutionizing archaeology and historical discoveries?
Artificial intelligence is playing a transformative role in archaeology by enabling researchers to virtually unroll and read ancient texts that were previously unreadable due to damage. AI technology helps in 3D mapping fragile objects and interpreting what were once considered lost documents, providing breakthroughs in the study of archaeological remains without the risk of damaging them.
Can you explain how AI was used to decipher the ancient Herculaneum scroll piece?
AI was employed to interpret the Herculaneum scroll by using specialized 3D mapping techniques, allowing for the virtual unrolling of the delicate papyrus. AI algorithms then helped detect the faint letters on the scroll, providing a non-destructive way to read and interpret its contents, including the Greek philosopher Philodemus’s musings on pleasure and scarcity of food.
Who were the key researchers involved in using AI to uncover the secrets of the Herculaneum scrolls?
The AI technique to decipher the Herculaneum scrolls’ contents was developed by an international team of researchers. Notably, Youssef Nader from FU Berlin, Luke Farritor from the University of Nebraska-Lincoln, and Julian Schilliger from the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zurich were instrumental in the successful application of digital scanning and artificial intelligence.
What philosophical insights have been discovered in the Herculaneum scrolls through the use of AI?
The philosophical insights discerned from the Herculaneum scrolls include Philodemus’ contemplations on the nature of pleasure, particularly regarding how the scarcity of food impacts human enjoyment. These thoughts provide fresh perspectives on the ancient Epicurean philosophy that emphasizes pleasure and hedonism as life’s central aims.
What was the Vesuvius Challenge and how did it contribute to the understanding of the Herculaneum scrolls?
The Vesuvius Challenge was a competition launched in March 2023, offering an $850,000 reward for developing AI techniques to decipher the unread texts of the Herculaneum scrolls. It incentivized researchers to apply innovative digital methods to interpret these ancient documents, leading to significant advances in the field of digital humanities and our comprehension of ancient literature.
How does the virtual unwrapping technique work, and what are its advantages?
The virtual unwrapping technique, developed by Brent Seales and his research team, uses advanced CT scans to detect ink patterns on carbonized scrolls, followed by AI algorithms to interpret the text. This method is non-invasive and eliminates the need for physical handling of delicate artifacts, thus preserving them for future study and preventing potential damage.
In what way can the decipherment of the Herculaneum scrolls’ ancient texts impact our understanding of history?
The decipherment of the Herculaneum scrolls provides an unparalleled opportunity to gain deeper knowledge of the classical world and its intellectual pursuits. It allows us to uncover philosophical treasures and insights into the human condition that have been preserved for millennia, significantly enriching our understanding of ancient civilizations, their culture, and thought processes.
Source Links
- https://www.independent.co.uk/tech/ai-scroll-vesuvius-herculaneum-philosophy-b2491421.html
- https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/this-21-year-old-used-ai-to-decipher-text-from-a-scroll-that-hasnt-been-read-in-2000-years-180983084/
- https://news.artnet.com/art-world/students-make-major-breakthrough-in-use-of-a-i-to-decipher-ancient-scrolls-2429506
